When Your Child Has Impetigo
Impetigo is a skin infection caused by common bacteria. It often starts in a broken area of the skin. Impetigo looks like a rash with small, red bumps or blisters. The rash may also be itchy. The bumps or blisters often pop open, becoming open sores. The sores then crust or scab over. This can give them a yellow or gold look.
How is impetigo diagnosed?
Impetigo is often diagnosed by how it looks. To get more information, the doctor will ask about your child’s symptoms and health history. Your child will also be examined. If needed, fluid from the infected skin can be tested (cultured) for bacteria.
How is impetigo treated?
Impetigo generally goes away within 7 days with treatment. Antibiotic ointment is prescribed for mild cases. Before applying the ointment, scrub your hands first with clean, running water and soap. Scrub all areas of your hands, including between your fingers and under your fingernails. Then, gently clean the infected skin and apply the ointment. Wash your hands with the same process afterward.
Teach your child and all family members the correct way to wash their hands. Explain why correct handwashing is so important.
Ask your child's doctor if there are any over-the-counter medicines to treat your child. In some cases, your child will take prescribed antibiotic medicines by mouth. Your child should take all the medicine until it's gone, even if they start feeling better.
When to contact your child's doctor
Contact the doctor if your child has:
A fever (see "Fever and children" below).
Symptoms that don't improve within 48 hours of starting treatment.
Symptoms that get worse, or new symptoms.
Fever and children
Use a digital thermometer to check your child’s temperature. Don’t use a mercury thermometer. There are different kinds and uses of digital thermometers. They include:
Rectal. For children younger than 3 years, a rectal temperature is the most accurate.
Forehead (temporal). This works for children age 3 months and older. If a child under 3 months old has signs of illness, this can be used for a first pass. The doctor may want to confirm with a rectal temperature.
Ear (tympanic). Ear temperatures are accurate after 6 months of age, but not before.
Armpit (axillary). This is the least reliable but may be used for a first pass to check a child of any age with signs of illness. The doctor may want to confirm with a rectal temperature.
Mouth (oral). Don’t use a thermometer in your child’s mouth until they are at least 4 years old.
Use the rectal thermometer with care. Follow the product maker’s directions for correct use. Insert it gently. Label it and make sure it’s not used in the mouth. It may pass on germs from the stool. If you don’t feel okay using a rectal thermometer, ask your child's doctor what type to use instead. When you talk with any health care provider about your child’s fever, tell them which type you used.
Below is when to contact the doctor if your child has a fever. Your child’s doctor may give you different numbers. Follow their instructions.
When to contact the doctor about your child's fever
For a baby under 3 months old:
First, ask your child’s doctor how you should take the temperature.
Rectal or forehead: 100.4°F (38°C) or higher
Armpit: 99°F (37.2°C) or higher
A fever of ___________as advised by the doctor
For a child age 3 months to 36 months (3 years):
Rectal or forehead: 102°F (38.9°C) or higher
Ear (only for use over age 6 months): 102°F (38.9°C) or higher
A fever of ___________ as advised by the doctor
In these cases:
Armpit temperature of 103°F (39.4°C) or higher in a child of any age
Temperature of 104°F (40°C) or higher in a child of any age
A fever of ___________ as advised by the doctor
How is impetigo prevented?
Follow these steps to keep your child from passing impetigo on to others:
Cut your child’s fingernails short to discourage scratching the infected skin.
Teach your child to correctly wash their hands with soap and clean, running water. Make sure they understand when they need to wash them. Handwashing is especially important before eating or handling food, after using the bathroom, and after touching the infected skin.
Teach your child not to pick at sores or scabs, or touch their face.
Cover any open sores with a loose bandage.
Wash your child’s bed linens, towels, and clothing daily until the infection goes away.
Don't share washcloths or towels.
Ask your doctor when it is safe for your child to be around other children.